Doniphan already had troops raised to prevent fighting between Mormons and anti-Mormons in Daviess County. During a period of nearly four months, August through the end on November, 1838, seven major confrontations took place, and the Saints were required to defend themselves. Robinson, Ebenezer. Several children also became ill during the ordeal and died later. "[46] After more than a week, a company of armed Mormons assisted Lathrop in rescuing his wife and two of his children (one had died while prisoner). Parks wrote his superior, General David Rice Atchison, that "a word from his Excellency would have more power to quell this affair than a regiment. In 1838, Missouri witnessed the "Missouri Mormon War". 17 June . John C. Bennett, a disaffected Mormon, reported that Smith had offered a cash reward to anyone who would assassinate Boggs, and that Smith had admitted to him that Rockwell had done the deed. The Missouri Militia had the advantage of position and fired, but the Mormons continued to advance. [84][85] Colonel Hinkle stated that the Latter Day Saints would help bring to justice those Mormons who had violated the law, but he protested that the other terms were illegal and unconstitutional. On Sunday, October 14, a small company of state militia under the command of Colonel William A. Dunn of Clay County arrived in Far West. [1], With the refusal of the Governor or Legislature to intervene, and having surrendered the bulk of their firearms, Mormons were left nearly defenseless to face the mob. Once Latter-day Saints were disarmed, mounted squads visited Mormon settlements with threats and enough beatings and destruction of homes to force flight. [13][102] The court of inquiry began November 12, 1838. Black refused, but after meeting with Smith, he wrote and signed a document stating that he "is not attached to any mob, nor will attach himself to any such people, and so long as they [the Mormons] will not molest me, I will not molest them. Expert-Importance-53 21 days ago The Mormons did absolutely nothing wrong in Jackson County/Independence while they were there (1831-1833). Once engaged with the commanding officers of the English foe, these seasoned war veterans would have easily defeated King Edward's knights and possibly killed the. A company under the command of Captain Samuel Bogart was ordered to patrol the no-man's land between Ray and Caldwell Counties, in an effort to stop armed persons from Caldwell County from invading Ray County. The Mormons believedafter a revelation recorded on June 6, 1831that if they were righteous they would inherit the land held by others ("which is now the land of your enemies") in Missouri. The militia promptly arrested Smith and the other leaders. Once they were established in a county of their own, a period of relative peace ensued. Soon after the "Extermination Order" was issued, vigilantes attacked an outlying Mormon settlement and killed . The group arrived just before dawn and when they were discovered, fighting soon began. Thomas B. Marsh, President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the church, and fellow Apostle Orson Hyde were alarmed by the activities which had taken place in Daviess County. It's not easy to make a major change and make it stick. Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints live freely and happily among their neighbors, sharing smiles and goodwill with everyone they see. John C. Bennett, a disaffected Mormon, reported that Smith had offered a cash reward to anyone who would assassinate Boggs, and that Smith had admitted to him that Rockwell had done the deed. After most of the defenders in the blacksmith shop had been killed or mortally wounded, some of the Missourians entered to finish the work. [102][103], During a transfer to another prison in the spring of 1839, Smith escaped. Public opinion has recoiled from a summary and forcible removal of our negro population;much more likely will it be to revolt at the violent expulsion of two or three thousand souls, who have so many ties to connect them with us in a common brotherhood. Initial reaction by Missourians was mixed. The question of whether or not Mormons should be allowed to settle in the county was placed on the August 6 ballot; a heavy majority favored expulsion of the Mormons. [48] The third major and perhaps most significant conflict of the 1838 Missouri Mormon War occurred near this location along Crooked River on October 25, 1838. Nathan Tanner reported that his militia company rescued another woman and three small children who were hiding in the bushes as their home burned. [24] Possession became unclear and the dissenters threatened the church with lawsuits. The Settlement of The Peculiar People in Jackson County. Rumors among both parties spread that there were casualties in the conflict. The besieged town resorted to butchering whatever loose livestock wandered into town in order to avoid starvation while waiting for the militia or the Governor to come to their aid. (Rockwood, Journal, 11 Nov. 1838, CHL.) After the inquiry, all but a few of the Mormon prisoners were released, but Joseph Smith, Sidney Rigdon, Lyman Wight, Caleb Baldwin, Hyrum Smith and Alexander McRae were held in the Liberty Jail in Liberty, Clay County on charges of treason against the state, murder, arson, burglary, robbery and larceny. DeVoto, Bernard (2000). [87][88][89], Lucas' terms were severe. Mormon leader John Corrill wrote, "the love of pillage grew upon them very fast, for they plundered every kind of property they could get a hold of. Sheriff Morgan was ridden through town on an iron bar, and died shortly afterward from the injuries he suffered during the ride. [71] According to one Mormon witness, the deaths "threw a gloom over the whole place".[72]. After the stress of being expelled from Millport into the snow, Milford Donaho's wife gave birth prematurely, and the child was severely injured during the birth. It did not matter whether or not the Mormons at [Haun's] mill had taken any part in the disturbance which had occurred [in Daviess County]; it was enough that they were Mormons. The orders of the governor to me were, that you should be exterminated, and not allowed to remain in the state, and had your leaders not been given up, and the terms of the treaty complied with, before this, you and your families would have been destroyed and your houses in ashes."[96]. Gen. Doniphan's Recollections of the Troubles of that Early Time. Sheriff J.H. Mormon War vigilantes Missouri Extermination Order Utah War LDS enforcers Mormon War of 1838 The Mormon War is a name sometimes given to the 1838 conflict which occurred between Latter Day Saints (Mormons) and their neighbors in the northwestern region of the US state of Missouri. [103][104] Judge Austin A King, who had been assigned the cases of the Mormons charged with offenses during the conflict, warned "If you once think to plant crops or to occupy your lands any longer than the first of April, the citizens will be upon you: they will kill you every one, men, women and children."[1]. Siege of Far West and capture of church leaders. [13] In Daviess County, where Whigs and Democrats had been roughly evenly balanced, Mormon population reached a level where they could determine election results.[22]. Every Mormon who had taken up arms was to sell his property to pay for the damages to Missourian property and for the muster of the state militia. Comments ( 459) This week's entry: Missouri Mormon War. [30] The text of this speech was endorsed by Joseph Smith, who appeared at the event and participated in the raising of a liberty pole. . The Battle of Crooked River in late October led to Lilburn Boggs, the Governor of Missouri, issuing the Missouri Executive Order 44, ordering the Mormons to leave Missouri or be killed. In October 1833, anti-Mormon mobs drove the Mormons from Jackson County.[11]. The refinement, the charity of our age, will not brook it.[113]. . The Missourians had the advantage of position and fired, but the Mormons continued to advance. There was scarcely a Missourian's home left standing in the county. The Livingston men became thoroughly imbued with the same spirit, and were eager for the raid feel[ing] an extraordinary sympathy for the outrages suffered by their neighbors[80], Although it had just been issued, it is unlikely that the governor's "Extermination Order" would have already reached these men, and in any event it would not have authorized them to cross into Caldwell County to raid. Agitation against the Latter Day Saints had become particularly fierce in the sparsely settled counties north and east of Caldwell County. Surrounded by the state militia, the mood in besieged Far West was uneasy. Rumor reached Far West that a mob of vigilantes from Ray County had taken Mormons prisoner and an armed party was quickly assembled to rescue these prisoners and push the mob out of the county. It read: "Headquarters of the Militia," City of Jefferson, Oct. 27, 1838. . One contemporary critic of the Mormons wrote: Mormonism is a monstrous evil; and the only place where it ever did or ever could shine, this side of the world of despair, is by the side of the Missouri mob. We'll get more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his background. The 1838 Mormon War, also known as the Missouri Mormon War, was a conflict between Mormons and non-Mormons in Missouri from August to November 1838, the first of the three Mormon Wars. The willingness of both Missourians and . [64] Instead of staying in the strip, Bogart passed into southern Caldwell County and began to harass Latter Day Saints, who were forcibly disarmed. Seymour Brunson attacked Grindstone Fork. 1838 Mormon War The county seat, Gallatin, is reported to have been "completely gutted" only one shoe store remained unscathed. [57], Thomas B. Marsh, President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the church, and fellow Apostle Orson Hyde were alarmed by the events of the Daviess County expedition. [101], The defendants, consisting of about 60 men including Joseph Smith and Sidney Rigdon, were turned over to a civil court of inquiry in Richmond under Judge Austin A. "[48], On October 1, the mob burned the home and stables of Smith Humphrey. According to Hinkle, Smith wanted a treaty with the Missourians "on any terms short of battle. David W. Patten, also known as Captain Fearnot, attacked Gallatin. [26][28][29], On July 4, Rigdon gave an oration, which was characterized by Mormon historian Brigham Henry Roberts as a "'Declaration of Independence' from all mobs and persecutions". The skirmish is often cited as the first serious violence of the 1838 Mormon War in Missouri. Hinkle and other Mormon leaders informed the men that they would fight. Later that day, the Carroll County forces sealed off the town. [84] Smith believed that Hinkle had betrayed him,[87] but Hinkle maintained his innocence and claimed that he was following Smith's orders. "[46] After more than a week, a company of armed Mormons assisted Lathrop in rescuing his wife and two of his children (one had died while prisoner). We'll get more acquainted with Steve and learn more about his background. He stated that General Parks reported to him that "a portion of the men from Carroll County, with one piece of artillery, are on their march for Daviess County, where it is thought the same lawless game is to be played over, and the Mormons to be driven from that county and probably from Caldwell County." He stated that General Parks reported to him that "a portion of the men from Carroll County, with one piece of artillery, are on their march for Daviess County, where it is thought the same lawless game is to be played over, and the Mormons to be driven from that county and probably from Caldwell County." If they choose to remain, we must be content. This is not a forum for general discussion of the article's subject. I was surprised to find out he was mapping Mormon history sites in Missouri as an undergrad. Fight against grand gangsters and crime lords to finish mafia crime from city. [109][110] Judge Austin A King, who had been assigned the cases of the Mormons charged with offenses during the conflict, warned "If you once think to plant crops or to occupy your lands any longer than the first of April, the citizens will be upon you: they will kill you every one, men, women and children."[13]. Language: After the court martial, he ordered General Alexander William Doniphan: You will take Joseph Smith and the other prisoners into the public square of Far West and shoot them at 9 o'clock tomorrow morning.[100]. The church relocated from Kirtland to Far West, which became the new headquarters of the church. Coming on the heels of news from Daviess County, these reports from the mouths of dissenting Mormon leaders seemed to confirm the Missourians' worst fears. Hinkle and Murdock refused, citing their right as American citizens to settle where they pleased. If they choose to remain, we must be content. In 1831, the Mormons under Joseph Smith began to settle in Jackson County to create a Christian commune of "Zion". I will not obey your order. Colonel Hinkle and Mormons of the Caldwell County militia were joined by church leaders including Joseph Smith and also by elements of the Danite organization. [95], Joseph Smith Jr attempted to negotiate with Lucas, but it became clear that Lucas considered his conditions to be non-negotiable. News of the battle quickly spread and contributed to an all-out panic in northwestern Missouri. "[81] Other Latter Day Saint witnesses remembered that Smith said to "beg like a dog for peace. [20], In the eyes of many non-Mormon citizens (including Alexander Doniphan),[11] these settlements outside of Caldwell County were a violation of the compromise. The soldiers shot down our oxen, cows, hogs and fowls, at our own doors, taking part away and leaving the rest to rot in the streets. This triggered a brawl between the bystanders. This is the talk page for discussing improvements to the 1838 Mormon War article. Details; Description; Reviews; Author: Stephen C. LeSueur. I have reviewed five books: Leland H. Gentry's A . Soon the "old Missourians" and the LDS settlers were engaged in a conflict sometimes referred to as the 1838 Mormon War. They moved into a blacksmith shop which they hoped to use as a make-shift defensive fortification. [1] Clark to Boggs, 29 Nov. 1838, Mormon War Papers, Missouri State Archives. Having taken control of the Missourian settlements, the Mormons plundered the property and burned the stores and houses. 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